粮农组织：厄尔尼诺现象导致中美洲国家农作物损失惨重
2015年9月14日 联合国粮农组织今天在罗马发表媒体通报表示，与厄尔尼诺现象有关的长期的旱季导致中美洲国家谷物产量锐减，并使大批当地农民面临农业援助的需要。这是连续第二年中美洲地区在主要的谷物收获季节受到与厄尔尼诺现象有关的严重旱季的负面影响。由于当地数十万的农民在为5月至10月的主要收获季节种植的农作物上受到了部分或全部的损失，中美洲农业委员会已宣布当地进入警戒状态。
粮农组织在14日的通报中表示，受到影响的国家主要包括萨尔瓦多、危地马拉、洪都拉斯和尼加拉瓜。萨尔瓦多和洪都拉斯60%的玉米作物被年初的不规则降雨破坏。萨尔瓦多仅在种子、肥料、杀虫剂和土地开垦上损失就预计高达2，800万美元。洪都拉斯另有80%的豆类作物被毁。在危地马拉受影响最严重的地区，80%的作物被毁，使超过15万户家庭受到影响。在尼加拉瓜，50%的种植区遭到破坏，在最严重地区几乎颗粒无收。
通报指出，由于数十万的家庭面临严重的粮食损失，这些国家的政府已开始分发包括种子、肥料和灌溉水泵在内的农业援助包，以尽可能帮助农民在第二个种植季节挽回损失。目前，厄尔尼诺现象已经确定将持续至明年初，当地农民在极为干旱的天气条件下种植第二季的作物，预计其收获将十分有限。
14 September 2015 The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization （FAO） sent a statement to media in Rome， long term drought caused by El Nino led to much loss in cereal outputs in middle American countries， and this was also the reason why many local farmers needed agriculture aid. For second year in a row， middle American region was severely affected in harvest season of main crops by extremely dry weather related to El Nino. Because hundreds of thousands of farmers suffered part or all loss on crops between May to October， the Central American Agricultural Council declared a state of alert.
In the statement on 14， FAO pointed out that countries being affected included Salvador， Guatemala， Honduras and Nicaragua. Among these countries， 60% of maize crop in Salvador and Honduras was damaged by irregular rainfall at the beginning of this year. In Salvador， there was estimated 28 million dollars loss merely on seed， fertilizer， pesticide and land reclamation. Aside from these， 80% legume crop in Honduras was damaged. The most severely affected area in Guatemala， 80% crop was destroyed， which had negative effect to more than 150 thousand households. In Nicaragua， 50% planting region was under destruction， and nearly nothing was reaped in the most severely affected area.
It was claimed in the statement that because of serious crop loss of hundreds of thousands of households were facing， these countries began distributing agricultural aid packages to help farmers recover as much as possible in the second planting season. It was confirmed that El Nino would be continuing till the beginning of next year. Meanwhile， local farmers planting crop for second season in extremely dry weather might not end well.
http：//www.un.org/chinese/News/story.asp？NewsID=24697